Astm c 31 covers making, curing, protecting, and transporting concrete test specimens under field conditions. Stand firmly on the footpieces and fill the volume of the cone with the sample. It is intended to be a supplement to reading the astm as well as a study tool for the aci exam. Concrete air meters determine the air content of concrete to meet specification requirements for freezethaw durability. It can be prepared on the spot and may give a wide range of properties from easily available raw materials we will discuss in details below the different properties of fresh concrete. The requirement for remixing the sample before tests on the fresh concrete, or before making test specimens, is included in the relevant standards. The simple pullout test was recommended as an alternative test to compacting factor, slump and vb consistometer tests in measuring. Abhishek shah sal institute of technology and engineering research ahmedabad india 2. Concrete is tested to ensure that the material that was specified and bought is the same material delivered to the job site. Specification for sampling, testing and assessing the suitability of water, including water recovered from processes in the. In either case, poor testing penalizes the c o n t r a c t o r, ready mix pro d u c e r, and owner. Following astm standards for testing conventional wetcast fresh concrete is critical for manufacturing a highquality precast concrete product by mitch rector.
They comprise batching, mixing, transporting, placing, compacting, surface finishing. This guide will teach you how to test air content of concrete with a type b pressure meter. Comparison of air contents in fresh concrete by pressure method, gravimetric method, and volumetric method and in cylinders and cores 9 table 4. Start strength tests within 15 minutes of obtaining the sample. Concrete cube testing as with all methods of testing, fresh hard concrete are governed by standards set by the british standards institute and or the client inhouse specifications. Measuring device must read between 30 to 120 degrees. This standard specifies methods of testing the consistence, density, water content and air content of freshly mixed concrete as defined in subclause 2. Mahmoud aliraqi mansoura university, egypt slideshare uses cookies to improve functionality and performance, and to provide you with relevant advertising. Chapter 5 testing of fresh and hardened concrete guidelines for. Impro p e r testing or even deviating fro m s t a n d a r d test methods may cause good concrete to be rejected or bad c o n c r ete to be accepted. It covers the reasons you are performing this test, the equipment needed, and the procedure of astm c231. Understanding the scope, significance, and pro c e d u r e of each test for fresh concrete is the first step to achieving accurate res u l t s.
This document is available in either paper or pdf format. Astm c231 c231m 17a standard test method for air content. Procedures for compressionstrength testing of these cylinders are described in astm c 39. It is known that fresh state properties enormously affect hardened state properties due to the following reasons. Concrete samples are taken in accordance with california test 539, method of test for sampling fresh concrete. Fresh concrete can be easily molded into any designed shape in construction. Description download bs en 1235022009 testing fresh concrete. Content slump test flow test compacting factor test ve be time test lbox test jring test vfunnel test orimet test 3. After sieving, the wet mortar samples were cast into cylindrical molds and placed in a benchtop measuring circuit. Standard test on fresh concrete linkedin slideshare. The slump test consists of filling with fresh concrete and compacting an inverted steel cone in three layers. Pdf testing fresh concrete in the field tcm45 abioye. These standards specify all aspects involved in the process of carrying out tests, from the equipment to the method of testing. It is the concrete phase from time of mixing to end of time concrete surface finished in its final location in the structure concrete operations.
Bsen1235010 testing fresh concrete document center, inc. The test determines the air content of freshly mixed concrete exclusive of any air that may exist inside. Fresh concrete should be capable of spreading uniformly without inducing any segregation of the aggregates. Concrete is tested to ensure that the material that was specified and bought is the same. The measured slump must be within a set range, or tolerance, from the target slump. Read chapter chapter 5 testing of fresh and hardened concrete. Comparison of fresh concrete air content test methods. Bsen1235010 testing fresh concrete document center. Air content measure the total air content in a sample of fresh concrete, but does not indicate what the final inplace air content will be, because a certain amount of air is lost in transportation consolidating, placement and finishing. Not vary by more than 1 degree fahrenheit when verified against a reference thermometer. Start casting cylinder within 15 minutes of taking a representative sample of concrete. Tests for fresh concrete building construction civil.
Start slump, temperature, and air content tests within 5 minutes after obtaining the sample of fresh concrete. Methods of testing concrete sampling of fresh concrete. An astm designation number identifies a unique version of an astm standard. The samples were pulverized using a vibratory micromill. Aci 30199, specifications for structural concrete, requires the slump and air content to be. Paired ttests for air contents of fresh concrete and hardened cylinders at 5% significance level 12 table 5. Mix concrete in accordance with r 39 c192 or sample in accordance with r 60 c172, whichever is applicable.
Compressive strength of concrete cube test pdf, procedure. Astm c1064 aci temperature of freshly mixed concrete. Structural concrete the process of testing fresh concrete in the field begins with the procedures for obtaining and preparing the sample of concrete to be tested. Slump test before leaving the batching plant and on arrival on site. The slump plate should be clean, firm, level and nonabsorbent. This is to determine the workability of concrete in terms of slump test. Slump testing includes test cones, bases, tamping rods and accessories for measuring concrete workability. The first 48 hours are very important for the performance of the concrete structure. Routine standard tests for fresh concrete include workability, air content, and matu rity. Aci 30199, specifications for structural concrete, requires the slump and air. Sep 22, 2010 tests for concrete to be performed on site. Place the concrete in the mold and rod each laye r 25 times per layer in 2 equal layers for 100 x.
Measuring bowl is filled and struck off and the top portion is attached. There are a dozen different test methods for freshly mixed concrete and at least another dozen tests for hardened concrete, not including test method unique to organization like the army corps of engineers, the federal highway administration, and state. Trbs national cooperative highway research program nchrp report 540. Methods of testing concrete preparation of concrete mixes in the laboratory.
Whenever possible, take freshly mixed concrete from the mass as it is deposited in the work. Step 7 place the tamping rod on the inverted cone and measure from the bottom of the tamping rod to the displaced center of the slumped concrete. Methods of testing concrete methods for the determination of properties related to the consistence of concrete. Tests on concrete concrete slump test, compression test for. Pdf predicting the workability of fresh concrete using simple.
Instantaneous insitu determination of watercement ratio of. Instantaneous insitu determination of watercement ratio. This article is intended to serve as a reference guide for entrylevel production workers. Chapter 6 sampling and testing california department of. Then curing of inplaced concrete starts 610 hours after casting. Choose from type b meters, lightweight rollameters or the super air. Tests on concrete concrete slump test, compression test. Slumptest british standardthis european standard specifies a method for determining the consistence of fresh c bs en 12350 2. This is the most important property of fresh concrete. Water must be clean, fresh and free from any dirt, unwanted chemicals or. Active standard astm c231 c231m developed by subcommittee.
Constituent of mix should be such that concrete can be transported, placed and finished easily without segregation. The fresh concrete which may be expected to give the best results must possess the property of workability. After batching the concrete, a sample of fresh concrete shall be taken to test for slump tests and the samples for compressive strength test be taken too. Samples are taken during production and required tests are then carried out on the samples.
This depends upon the methods and amount of consolidation effort applied to the concrete from which the hardened concrete specimen is taken. This first part of a twopart series explains the basics of sampling mixed concrete and performing a. The only work done onsite is to make a concrete cylinder for the compression test. When mixing and sampling of concrete is done in a laboratory, different procedures may be required. The results of cf tests relate to the compactability of the fresh concrete. The strength is measured in megapascals mpa and is commonly specified as a characteristic strength of concrete measured at 28 days after. Foreword scope normative references terms and definitions apparatus sampling. The slump test the slump test is done to make sure a concrete mix is workable. Taking concrete samples at the pointofplacement rather than the pointofdelivery is always. Be calibrated annually, or if theres a question of accuracy.
For penetration, test in accordance with california test 533, method of test for ball penetration in fresh portland cement concrete, each batch of concrete from which strength specimens are made. Samples for resistivity testing were prepared by sieving wet concrete through a no. Workability it is a property of fresh concrete and affects the finished product as it affects compaction. By this single test one judge that whether concreting has been done properly or not. The slump test astm c 143 measures concrete consistency, or the ability of fresh concrete to flow. Sets and individual components meet astm c143 and aashto t 119 standards. Common tests on the fresh concrete the constructor. Compressive strength of concrete cube test pdf, procedure, results the compressive strength of the concrete cube test provides an idea about all the characteristics of concrete. The potential strength and durability of concrete of a given mix proportion is very dependent on the degree of its compaction. Testing fresh concrete at the point of delivery is safer for the technician, typically provides a more stable and comfortable work area to ensure that astm testing standards are met, and results in a more continuous flow of concrete that minimizes the potential for concrete segregation and cold joints. Slumptest british standard this european standard specifies a method for determining the consistence of fresh concrete by the slump test. Workability is most often assessed through the slump test aashto t 119, with a desired range in slump for eot concrete often specified between 50 and 150 mm 2 to 6 in. Bs en 123501 specifies two procedures for sampling fresh concrete, by composite sampling and by spot sampling.
Systematic testing of the raw materials for concrete as also, the concrete, both while it is fresh and after it has hardened, is an inseparable part of any quality control. Workability must be related to the type of construction and placing and finishing methods. Collect a sample of concrete to perform the slum test. Testing fresh concrete in the field concrete construction. Gsp 17 gives the standardized procedures for obtaining a representative sample of a batch of concrete, from mixing andor agitating equipment.